ATR BandsIt has happened to everybody. You enter the market, the position gets a stop loss, then later the market goes in the direction you originally planned. Worse yet - you enter a position, the market goes in your favor, gets near the target, and then it reverses and you get stopped.
We brazilians call this a "violinado", or getting violinated. It happens either because:
1. You put the stop loss too close, or the target too far
2. You entered in the right direction, but at a wrong time
While the second point cannot be programmly adressed, the first can. One popular way of setting a stop loss is by using the average of the true range, it even has a built-in indicator in TV. The problem with it is that you can still get violinated, since as the trend develops, the stop loss only goes up, never down. So if you enter at the wrong time, one slip can still take you out of the market.
Since I got sick of losing money using a conventional stop loss, I made these ATR bands. When you add this indicator to your graph, 6 lines are going to show up, 3 above the price, 3 below it. These lines are calculated from the ATR of the last 20 periods (can be configurated). The upper lines are the high of the last candle + the ATR * the multiplicator factor, the lower lines are the low - ATR * multiplicator factor. There are three multiplicator factors: 1.0, 1.618 and 2.0, and you change them to be whatever you want.
The logic behind it is that theses bands represents the region in which the market is more likely to stay. So if you enter the market at 50.00, you can't expect it to reach 500.00 in the next hour if the ATR is 5.00. And if you set the stop loss at 49.99, it is very likely that the market is going to stop you. By using the ATR bands, you can get a more reasonable price range, so you would set the stop loss at 45.00 and the take profit level at 60.00.
There are two types os ATR you can use: the regular, calculated with RMA, and another using a custom WMA, which puts greater emphasis on large amplitudes. By default, the average uses the past 20 true ranges. You can also choose to use either the closing price or the extremes of the candle as a basis.
Another thing I've added is the violation statistics, which shows the percentages of the times that a band was violated in the next 5 candles (can be configurated). With this, you can get a broader view on the probability of the bands actually being reached.
You may have notice that the bands are lagged by 1 period. I did this so that there is no way you can use future data. You can disable it or increase it, but I recommend just letting it be 1. These bands are the range in which the price is most likely to stay in, if you change the lag you are essentially breaking it's whole purpose.
Bands
Exponential Deviation Bands Width [ChuckBanger]This indicator is a compliment to Exponential Deviation Bands . It is the difference between the upper and the lower bands divided by the middle band. It is an easy way to visualize consolidation before price movements or periods of higher volatility.
How it works
During a period of high volatility, the distance between the two bands will widen and Exponential Deviation Bands width will increase. And the opposite occurs during a period of low volatility, the distance between the two bands will contract and Exponential Deviation Bands width will decrease. Meaning there is a tendency for bands to alternate between expansion and contraction.
When the bands are relatively far apart, that is often is a sign that the current trend is ending. When the distance between the two bands is relatively narrow that often is a sign that the market is about to initiate a bigger move in either direction.
Combo Backtest 123 Reversal & High Low Bands This is combo strategies for get a cumulative signal.
First strategy
This System was created from the Book "How I Tripled My Money In The
Futures Market" by Ulf Jensen, Page 183. This is reverse type of strategies.
The strategy buys at market, if close price is higher than the previous close
during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Slow Oscillator is lower than 50.
The strategy sells at market, if close price is lower than the previous close price
during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Fast Oscillator is higher than 50.
Second strategy
As the name suggests, High low bands are two bands surrounding the underlying’s
price. These bands are generated from the triangular moving averages calculated
from the underlying’s price. The triangular moving average is, in turn, shifted
up and down by a fixed percentage. The bands, thus formed, are termed as High
low bands. The main theme and concept of High low bands is based upon the triangular
moving average.
WARNING:
- For purpose educate only
- This script to change bars colors.
Square Root Moving AverageAbstract
This script computes moving averages which the weighting of the recent quarter takes up about a half weight.
This script also provides their upper bands and lower bands.
You can apply moving average or band strategies with this script.
Introduction
Moving average is a popular indicator which can eliminate market noise and observe trend.
There are several moving average related strategies used by many traders.
The first one is trade when the price is far from moving average.
To measure if the price is far from moving average, traders may need a lower band and an upper band.
Bollinger bands use standard derivation and Keltner channels use average true range.
In up trend, moving average and lower band can be support.
In ranging market, lower band can be support and upper band can be resistance.
In down trend, moving average and upper band can be resistance.
An another group of moving average strategy is comparing short term moving average and long term moving average.
Moving average cross, Awesome oscillators and MACD belong to this group.
The period and weightings of moving averages are also topics.
Period, as known as length, means how many days are computed by moving averages.
Weighting means how much weight the price of a day takes up in moving averages.
For simple moving averages, the weightings of each day are equal.
For most of non-simple moving averages, the weightings of more recent days are higher than the weightings of less recent days.
Many trading courses say the concept of trading strategies is more important than the settings of moving averages.
However, we can observe some characteristics of price movement to design the weightings of moving averages and make them more meaningful.
In this research, we use the observation that when there are no significant events, when the time frame becomes 4 times, the average true range becomes about 2 times.
For example, the average true range in 4-hour chart is about 2 times of the average true range in 1-hour chart; the average true range in 1-hour chart is about 2 times of the average true range in 15-minute chart.
Therefore, the goal of design is making the weighting of the most recent quarter is close to the weighting of the rest recent three quarters.
For example, for the 24-day moving average, the weighting of the most recent 6 days is close to the weighting of the rest 18 days.
Computing the weighting
The formula of moving average is
sum ( price of day n * weighting of day n ) / sum ( weighting of day n )
Day 1 is the most recent day and day k+1 is the day before day k.
For more convenient explanation, we don't expect sum ( weighting of day n ) is equal to 1.
To make the weighting of the most recent quarter is close to the weighting of the rest recent three quarters, we have
sum ( weighting of day 4n ) = 2 * sum ( weighting of day n )
If when weighting of day 1 is 1, we have
sum ( weighting of day n ) = sqrt ( n )
weighting of day n = sqrt ( n ) - sqrt ( n-1 )
weighting of day 2 ≒ 1.414 - 1.000 = 0.414
weighting of day 3 ≒ 1.732 - 1.414 = 0.318
weighting of day 4 ≒ 2.000 - 1.732 = 0.268
If we follow this formula, the weighting of day 1 is too strong and the moving average may be not stable.
To reduce the weighting of day 1 and keep the spirit of the formula, we can add a parameter (we call it as x_1w2b).
The formula becomes
weighting of day n = sqrt ( n+x_1w2b ) - sqrt ( n-1+x_1w2b )
if x_1w2b is 0.25, then we have
weighting of day 1 = sqrt(1.25) - sqrt(0.25) ≒ 1.1 - 0.5 = 0.6
weighting of day 2 = sqrt(2.25) - sqrt(1.25) ≒ 1.5 - 1.1 = 0.4
weighting of day 3 = sqrt(3.25) - sqrt(2.25) ≒ 1.8 - 1.5 = 0.3
weighting of day 4 = sqrt(4.25) - sqrt(3.25) ≒ 2.06 - 1.8 = 0.26
weighting of day 5 = sqrt(5.25) - sqrt(4.25) ≒ 2.3 - 2.06 = 0.24
weighting of day 6 = sqrt(6.25) - sqrt(5.25) ≒ 2.5 - 2.3 = 0.2
weighting of day 7 = sqrt(7.25) - sqrt(6.25) ≒ 2.7 - 2.5 = 0.2
What you see and can adjust in this script
This script plots three moving averages described above.
The short term one is default magenta, 6 days and 1 atr.
The middle term one is default yellow, 24 days and 2 atr.
The long term one is default green, 96 days and 4 atr.
I arrange the short term 6 days to make it close to sma(5).
The other twos are arranged according to 4x length and 2x atr.
There are 9 curves plotted by this script. I made the lower bands and the upper bands less clear than moving averages so it is less possible misrecognizing lower or upper bands as moving averages.
x_src : how to compute the reference price of a day, using 1 to 4 of open, high, low and close.
len : how many days are computed by moving averages
atr : how many days are computed by average true range
multi : the distance from the moving average to the lower band and the distance from the moving average to the lower band are equal to multi * average true range.
x_1w2b : adjust this number to avoid the weighting of day 1 from being too strong.
Conclusion
There are moving averages which the weighting of the most recent quarter is close to the weighting of the rest recent three quarters.
We can apply strategies based on moving averages. Like most of indicators, oversold does not always means it is an opportunity to buy.
If the short term lower band is close to the middle term moving average or the middle term lower band is close to the long term moving average, it may be potential support value.
References
Computing FIR Filters Using Arrays
How to trade with moving averages : the eight trading signals concluded by Granville
How to trade with Bollinger bands
How to trade with double Bollinger bands
Resampling Reverse Engineering Bands [DW]This is an experimental study designed to reverse engineer price levels from centered oscillators at user defined sample rates.
This study aims to educate users on the process of oscillator reverse engineering, and to give users an alternative perspective on some of the most commonly used oscillators in the trading game.
Reverse engineering price levels from an oscillator is actually a rather simple, straightforward process.
Rather than plugging price values into a function to solve for oscillator values, we rearrange the function using some basic algebraic operations and plug in a specified oscillator value to solve for price values instead.
This process tells us what price value is needed in order for the oscillator to equal a certain value.
For example, if you wanted to know what price value would be considered “overbought” or “oversold” according to your oscillator, you can do that using this process.
In this study, the reverse engineering functions are used to calculate the price values of user defined high and low oscillator thresholds, and the price values for the oscillator center.
This allows you to visualize what prices will trigger thresholds as a sort of confidence interval, which is information that isn't inherently available when simply analyzing the oscillator directly.
This script is equipped with three reverse engineering functions to choose from for calculating the band values:
-> Reverse Relative Strength Index (RRSI)
-> Reverse Stochastic Oscillator (RStoch)
-> Reverse Commodity Channel Index (RCCI)
You can easily select the function you want to utilize from the "Band Calculation Type" dropdown tab.
These functions are specially designed to calculate at any sample rate (up to 1 bar per sample) utilizing the process of downsampling that I introduced in my Resampling Filter Pack.
The sample rate can be determined with any of these three methods:
-> BPS - Resamples based on the number of bars.
-> Interval - Resamples based on time in multiples of current charting timeframe.
-> PA - Resamples based on changes in price action by a specified size. The PA algorithm in this script is derived from my Range Filter algorithm.
The range for PA method can be sized in points, pips, ticks, % of price, ATR, average change, and absolute quantity.
Utilizing downsampled rates allows you to visualize the reverse engineered values of an oscillator calculated at larger sample scales.
This can be rather beneficial for trend analysis since lower sample rates completely remove certain levels of noise.
By default, the sample rate is set to 1 BPS, which is the same as bar-to-bar calculation. Feel free to experiment with the sample rate parameters and configure them how you like.
Custom bar colors are included as well. The color scheme is based on disparity between sources and the reverse engineered center level.
In addition, background highlights are included to indicate when price is outside the bands, thus indicating "overbought" and "oversold" conditions according to the thresholds you set.
I also included four external output variables for easy integration of signals with other scripts:
-> Trend Signals (Current Resolution Prices) - Outputs 1 for bullish and -1 for bearish based on disparity between current resolution source and the central level output.
-> Trend Signals (Resampled Prices) - Outputs 1 for bullish and -1 for bearish based on disparity between resampled source and the central level output.
-> Outside Band Signal (Current Resolution Prices) - Outputs 1 for overbought and -1 for oversold based on current resolution source being outside the bands. Returns 0 otherwise.
-> Outside Band Signal (Resampled Prices) - Outputs 1 for overbought and -1 for oversold based on resampled source being outside the bands. Returns 0 otherwise.
To use these signals with another script, simply select the corresponding external output you want to use from your script's source input dropdown tab.
Reverse engineering oscillators is a simple, yet powerful approach to incorporate into your momentum or trend analysis setup.
By incorporating projected price levels from oscillators into our analysis setups, we are able to gain valuable insights, make (potentially) smarter trading decisions, and visualize the oscillators we know and love in a totally different way.
I hope you all find this script useful and enjoyable!
Volume Bars and Regions of InterestThe bars are colored according to the volume traded. The volume weights were distributed logically for a better analysis.
<0.666 low volume
0.666 to 1.333 median volume
1,333 to 2,666 high volume
> 2,666 'institutional' volume
The moving average bands are the average of the highs and lows. They show a region of interest and not just a 'line'.
Ultimate VWAP Bands- Ultimate VWAP Bands is a script that helps to decide and further clarify areas of oversold and overbought conditions.
- For example, when the price is in the lowest band it is extremely oversold relative to the VWAP . Hence it should be considered a good place to buy with a high risk to reward payoff.
- Each band is set at a fixed offset away from the VWAP . The "VWAP Band Multiplier" adjusts this and is a key part of the script. This allows the indicator to be adjusted based on the assets volatility . For example, with Crypto. A multiplier of 1 would be strongly advised. Whilst a multiplier of 0.1-0.25 would be useful for currency pairs.
- This indicator can be used for all manners of trading. However, it is most effective when used for scalping and swing trading.
EvMA BandsIt is an index that looks like the final evolution by weighting the Bollinger band with exponential smoothing and volume.
The base Line is my EvMA as volume weighted EMA, so it is quite responsive.
The standard deviation is also exponentially smoothed, and the reaction is too good to handle, so it is further smoothed by EMA.
Charts without volume are not weighted with volume as 1.
It seems that the usage in trading is the same as the Bollinger band
ボリンジャーバンドを指数平滑出来高加重し、最終進化したような指標です
中央線は拙作のEvMAで出来高加重EMAなのでかなり反応が良いです
標準偏差も指数平滑出来高加重して反応が良すぎて扱いにくいのでさらにEMAで平滑化しています
出来高の無いチャートは出来高を１として加重しないようにしています
トレードでの使い方はボリンジャーバンドと同じで良いと思われます
EMA Keltner Channel 1D100/200 EMAs, along with Keltner Bands based off them. Colors correspond to actions you should be ready to take in the area. Use to set macro mindset.
Uses the security function to display only the 1D values.
Red= Bad
Orange = Not as Bad, but still Bad.
Yellow = Warning, might also be Bad.
Purple = Dip a toe in.
Blue = Give it a shot but have a little caution.
Green = It's second mortgage time.
Combo Backtest 123 Reversal & Fractal Chaos Bands This is combo strategies for get a cumulative signal.
First strategy
This System was created from the Book "How I Tripled My Money In The
Futures Market" by Ulf Jensen, Page 183. This is reverse type of strategies.
The strategy buys at market, if close price is higher than the previous close
during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Slow Oscillator is lower than 50.
The strategy sells at market, if close price is lower than the previous close price
during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Fast Oscillator is higher than 50.
Second strategy
Stock market moves in a highly chaotic way, but at a larger scale, the movements
follow a certain pattern that can be applied to shorter or longer periods of time
and we can use Fractal Chaos Bands Indicator to identify those patterns. Basically,
the Fractal Chaos Bands Indicator helps us to identify whether the stock market is
trending or not. When a market is trending, the bands will have a slope and if market
is not trending the bands will flatten out. As the slope of the bands decreases, it
signifies that the market is choppy, insecure and variable. As the graph becomes more
and more abrupt, be it going up or down, the significance is that the market becomes
trendy, or stable. Fractal Chaos Bands Indicator is used similarly to other bands-indicator
(Bollinger bands for instance), offering trading opportunities when price moves above or
under the fractal lines.
The FCB indicator looks back in time depending on the number of time periods trader selected
to plot the indicator. The upper fractal line is made by plotting stock price highs and the
lower fractal line is made by plotting stock price lows. Essentially, the Fractal Chaos Bands
show an overall panorama of the price movement, as they filter out the insignificant fluctuations
of the stock price.
WARNING:
- For purpose educate only
- This script to change bars colors.
Combo Strategy 123 Reversal & Fractal Chaos Bands This is combo strategies for get a cumulative signal.
First strategy
This System was created from the Book "How I Tripled My Money In The
Futures Market" by Ulf Jensen, Page 183. This is reverse type of strategies.
The strategy buys at market, if close price is higher than the previous close
during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Slow Oscillator is lower than 50.
The strategy sells at market, if close price is lower than the previous close price
during 2 days and the meaning of 9-days Stochastic Fast Oscillator is higher than 50.
Second strategy
Stock market moves in a highly chaotic way, but at a larger scale, the movements
follow a certain pattern that can be applied to shorter or longer periods of time
and we can use Fractal Chaos Bands Indicator to identify those patterns. Basically,
the Fractal Chaos Bands Indicator helps us to identify whether the stock market is
trending or not. When a market is trending, the bands will have a slope and if market
is not trending the bands will flatten out. As the slope of the bands decreases, it
signifies that the market is choppy, insecure and variable. As the graph becomes more
and more abrupt, be it going up or down, the significance is that the market becomes
trendy, or stable. Fractal Chaos Bands Indicator is used similarly to other bands-indicator
(Bollinger bands for instance), offering trading opportunities when price moves above or
under the fractal lines.
The FCB indicator looks back in time depending on the number of time periods trader selected
to plot the indicator. The upper fractal line is made by plotting stock price highs and the
lower fractal line is made by plotting stock price lows. Essentially, the Fractal Chaos Bands
show an overall panorama of the price movement, as they filter out the insignificant fluctuations
of the stock price.
WARNING:
- For purpose educate only
- This script to change bars colors.
HeatbandsWhat you see is the 100 day moving average (blue line in the middle) with percentage bands attached to it.
Each color has a 5% range.
The brightest green color is 20%-25% below the 100 day moving average.
The brightest red color is 20%-25% above the 100 day moving average.
The behaviour of the stock price between the bands could give you trading ideas.
The moving average length is adjustable.
The range between the bands is not adjustable (maybe in future updates).
Enjoy:)
Setup Trend Following Bollinger Bands - ValenteBuy when the candle closes above upper BB
Sell when the candle closes bellow lower BB
Stop always on base line
Bollinger Bands Filter
Bollinger Bands is a classic indicator that uses a simple moving average of 20 periods, along with plots of upper and lower bands that are 2 standard deviations away from the basis line. These bands help visualize price volatility and trend based on where the price is, in relation to the bands.
Bollinger Bands filter plots a long signal when price closes above the upper band and plots a short signal when price closes below the lower band. It doesn't take into account any other parameters such as Volume/RSI/ Fundamentals etc, so user must use discretion based on confirmations from another indicator or based on fundamentals.
The filter works great when the price closes above/below upper/lower bands with continuation on next bar. It is definitely useful to have this filter along with other indicators to get early glimpse of breach/fail of bands on candle close during BB squeeze or based on volatility.
This can be used on Heikin Ashi candles for spotting trends, but HA candles are not recommended for trade entries as they don't reflect true price of the asset.
This filter's default is 55 SMA and 1 standard deviation, but these can be changed from settings.
It is definitely worth reading the 22 rules of Bollinger Bands written by John Bollinger.
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Note:
1. Alerts can be created for long and short signals using "Once per bar close".
2. The indicator doesn't repaint.
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[A618] VWAP bands for any SecurityThe Script plots Standard Deviation Bands around The VWAP line,
This will help you out with detecting market overbought and oversold Conditions on the Fly
Use this in conjunction with an oscillator
- stoch, macd, etc...
- if you find a positive crossover with oscillator on a VWAP level its time to go long, targeting the next vwap level and vice-versa
CDub's BolBands SetupUses a set of Bollinger Bands (user defined deviation, user defined deviation * 2) to determine possible entry set ups.
Signals are triggered when price crosses the first band (closest to the baseline MA) in the desired direction.
baseline can be your take profit 1 target
The inside band determines entry and can be used as a take profit 2 target (Opposite side of baseline)
The outside band is a suggested stop loss target (Same side of baseline) and can be used as a take profit 3 target (Opposite side of baseline)
Suggestions are welcome!
-CDub
Vortex BandsA slighty modified version of Better Bollinger Bands. The idea of the experiment was to do a thing like the well-known Vortex Indicator, but an overlay:
Obvious trading rules are:
go Long when the blue line is above other two
go Short when the orange line is above other two
stop when price crosses the basis line
The tool is EXPERIMENTAL . Good luck!
Trends & RangesTrends & Ranges uses EMA ATR bands as a SuperTrend indicator.
How to use:
This indicator can be used to give you a direction bias, with the added function to create ranges which often lead to reversals or flat trading periods. Trade the break-out or wait for pull backs in the direction of the trend.
I'm not great at explaining stuff and will probably make things only more complicated, so I won't bother for now,
but if you have a question on how the script works I will gladly give it a try.
The option "Flexible Trends" will disable the min/max function (trailing or non trailing).
Flexible Trends enabled:
Flexible Trends disabled:
Settings are not optimized for any asset or time frame, you will have to do that for yourself. Feel free to share them in the comments.
Thanks for showing interest, enjoy and good luck! :)
VAMA Volume Adjusted Moving Average BandsThis indicator is standard deviation bands using a live analysis adaptation of Richard Arms' Volume Adjusted Moving Average as their basis. VAMA utilizes a period length that is based on volume increments rather than time.
• SampleN - N volume bars used as sample to calculate average volume , 0 equals all bars.
• VAMA Source - Price used for volume weighted calculations.
• VAMA Length - Specified number of volume ratio buckets to be reached.
• VAMA VI Fct - Size of volume ratio buckets.
• VAMA Strict - Must meet desired volume requirements, even if number of bars has to exceed VAMA Length to do it.
• STDV Factor - Standard Deviation multiplier.
• STDV Length - Standard Deviation period.
• Brightness - Color opaqueness for the band fills.
Please see previous published example here for more details on VAMA's usage and inability to redraw the past on time based charts.
NOTICE: This is an example script and not meant to be used as an actual strategy. By using this script or any portion thereof, you acknowledge that you have read and understood that this is for research purposes only and I am not responsible for any financial losses you may incur by using this script!
Rolling Linear Regression ChannelCompute a rolling linear regression channel, the value of the bands at a precise point in time is equal to the last value of the corresponding extremity of a regression channel of equal length and mult at that point. The bands are made by adding/subtracting the RMSE of a linear regression to a least-squares moving average.
Settings
Length : Period of the indicator
Mult : Multiplication factor for the RMSE, determine the distance between the upper and lower extremities
Src : Input data for the indicator
Gradient : Determine if the area within the bands must be filled with a gradient, a color closer to blue indicates that src is close/superior to the upper band while a color closer to red indicates that src is close/inferior to the lower band. True by default, if false no filling is applied.
Usage
The indicator can be used like any other band indicator. Because the indicator makes use of the LSMA we can expect the bands to be more reactive to price changes, the indicator can also be more accurate when the bands must act as support and resistance as long as the underlying trend in the price is linear.
In blue/red the indicator, with the Bollinger bands in dark green with the same length/mult settings.
Since the indicator is derived from the linear regression channel indicator it can also be used to look at how drastically the regression channels changed over time, that is if the bands look linear, then it implies that the channel didn't change a lot with the arrival of new closing prices.
Details
As said the last value of each band is equal to the last value of the corresponding extremity of a linear regression channel.
In blue/red the indicator, with the linear regression channel in orange with the same length/mult settings, the last circle of the upper band is equal to the last value of the upper regression channel, same thing with the lower band, you can see this more clearly using the replay mode.
Notes
Thx to the twitter fans for their feedback and support, note that I often ask about feedback or about what kind of indicators I should do next on Twitter.
Trend Risk Indicator (TRI)The Trend Risk Indicator is a simple bands indicator made of 2 custom averages of candlesticks ranges calculated within the variable “ BandBars ” period.
Upper and lower channel bands width can be adjusted with the “ Deviation ” variable, which act as a simple factor to enlarge the spread between them.
When Close crosses over the upper band, it is a bearish signal and candlesticks are painted in Red.
When Close crosses under the lower band, it’s a bullish signal and candlesticks are painted in Green.
One of the most interesting indicators for 1 minute scalping. Recommended to use on Renko bars.
*drag to chart and pin to scale, also remove borders from candlesticks.
