Bitcoin Power Law Bands (BTC Power Law) Indicator█ OVERVIEW
The 'Bitcoin Power Law Bands' indicator is a set of three US dollar price trendlines and two price bands for bitcoin , indicating overall long-term trend, support and resistance levels as well as oversold and overbought conditions. The magnitude and growth of the middle (Center) line is determined by double logarithmic (log-log) regression on the entire USD price history of bitcoin . The upper (Resistance) and lower (Support) lines follow the same trajectory but multiplied by respective (fixed) factors. These two lines indicate levels where the price of bitcoin is expected to meet strong long-term resistance or receive strong long-term support. The two bands between the three lines are price levels where bitcoin may be considered overbought or oversold.
All parameters and visuals may be customized by the user as needed.
█ CONCEPTS
Long-term models
Long-term price models have many challenges, the most significant of which is getting the growth curve right overall. No one can predict how a certain market, asset class, or financial instrument will unfold over several decades. In the case of bitcoin , price history is very limited and extremely volatile, and this further complicates the situation. Fortunately for us, a few smart people already had some bright ideas that seem to have stood the test of time.
Power law
The so-called power law is the only long-term bitcoin price model that has a chance of survival for the years ahead. The idea behind the power law is very simple: over time, the rapid (exponential) initial growth cannot possibly be sustained (see The seduction of the exponential curve for a fun take on this). Year-on-year returns, therefore, must decrease over time, which leads us to the concept of diminishing returns and the power law. In this context, the power law translates to linear growth on a chart with both its axes scaled logarithmically. This is called the log-log chart (as opposed to the semilog chart you see above, on which only one of the axes - price - is logarithmic).
Log-log regression
When both price and time are scaled logarithmically, the power law leads to a linear relationship between them. This in turn allows us to apply linear regression techniques, which will find the best-fitting straight line to the data points in question. The result of performing this log-log regression (i.e. linear regression on a log-log scaled dataset) is two parameters: slope (m) and intercept (b). These parameters fully describe the relationship between price and time as follows: log(P) = m * log(T) + b, where P is price and T is time. Price is measured in US dollars , and Time is counted as the number of days elapsed since bitcoin 's genesis block.
DPC model
The final piece of our puzzle is the Dynamic Power Cycle (DPC) price model of bitcoin . DPC is a long-term cyclic model that uses the power law as its foundation, to which a periodic component stemming from the block subsidy halving cycle is applied dynamically. The regression parameters of this model are re-calculated daily to ensure longevity. For the 'Bitcoin Power Law Bands' indicator, the slope and intercept parameters were calculated on publication date (March 6, 2022). The slope of the Resistance Line is the same as that of the Center Line; its intercept was determined by fitting the line onto the Nov 2021 cycle peak. The slope of the Support Line is the same as that of the Center Line; its intercept was determined by fitting the line onto the Dec 2018 trough of the previous cycle. Please see the Limitations section below on the implications of a static model.
█ FEATURES
Inputs
• Parameters
• Center Intercept (b) and Slope (m): These log-log regression parameters control the behavior of the grey line in the middle
• Resistance Intercept (b) and Slope (m): These log-log regression parameters control the behavior of the red line at the top
• Support Intercept (b) and Slope (m): These log-log regression parameters control the behavior of the green line at the bottom
• Controls
• Plot Line Fill: N/A
• Plot Opportunity Label: Controls the display of current price level relative to the Center, Resistance and Support Lines
Style
• Visuals
• Center: Control, color, opacity, thickness, price line control and line style of the Center Line
• Resistance: Control, color, opacity, thickness, price line control and line style of the Resistance Line
• Support: Control, color, opacity, thickness, price line control and line style of the Support Line
• Plots Background: Control, color and opacity of the Upper Band
• Plots Background: Control, color and opacity of the Lower Band
• Labels: N/A
• Output
• Labels on price scale: Controls the display of current Center, Resistance and Support Line values on the price scale
• Values in status line: Controls the display of current Center, Resistance and Support Line values in the indicator's status line
█ HOW TO USE
The indicator includes three price lines:
• The grey Center Line in the middle shows the overall long-term bitcoin USD price trend
• The red Resistance Line at the top is an indication of where the bitcoin USD price is expected to meet strong long-term resistance
• The green Support Line at the bottom is an indication of where the bitcoin USD price is expected to receive strong long-term support
These lines envelope two price bands:
• The red Upper Band between the Center and Resistance Lines is an area where bitcoin is considered overbought (i.e. too expensive)
• The green Lower Band between the Support and Center Lines is an area where bitcoin is considered oversold (i.e. too cheap)
The power law model assumes that the price of bitcoin will fluctuate around the Center Line, by meeting resistance at the Resistance Line and finding support at the Support Line. When the current price is well below the Center Line (i.e. well into the green Lower Band), bitcoin is considered too cheap (oversold). When the current price is well above the Center Line (i.e. well into the red Upper Band), bitcoin is considered too expensive (overbought). This idea alone is not sufficient for profitable trading, but, when combined with other factors, it could guide the user's decision-making process in the right direction.
█ LIMITATIONS
The indicator is based on a static model, and for this reason it will gradually lose its usefulness. The Center Line is the most durable of the three lines since the long-term growth trend of bitcoin seems to deviate little from the power law. However, how far price extends above and below this line will change with every halving cycle (as can be seen for past cycles). Periodic updates will be needed to keep the indicator relevant. The user is invited to adjust the slope and intercept parameters manually between two updates of the indicator.
█ RAMBLINGS
The 'Bitcoin Power Law Bands' indicator is a useful tool for users wishing to place bitcoin in a macro context. As described above, the price level relative to the three lines is a rough indication of whether bitcoin is over- or undervalued. Users wishing to gain more insight into bitcoin price trends may follow the author's periodic updates of the DPC model (contact information below).
█ NOTES
The author regularly posts on Twitter using the @DeFi_initiate handle.
█ THANKS
Many thanks to the following individuals, who - one way or another - made the 'Bitcoin Power Law Bands' indicator possible:
• TradingView user 'capriole_charles', whose open-source 'Bitcoin Power Law Corridor' script was the basis for this indicator
• Harold Christopher Burger, whose Bitcoin’s natural long-term power-law corridor of growth article (2019) was the basis for the 'Bitcoin Power Law Corridor' script
• Bitcoin Forum user "Trololo", who posted the original power law model at Logarithmic (non-linear) regression - Bitcoin estimated value (2014)
在腳本中搜尋"TRENDLINES"
Reversal off EMA-XsEMA-Xs works mostly on Forex due to the small prices and price fluctuations. It does work on Gold, oddly enough, and some others like UKX 100...but mostly on forex. It doesn't work as well on JPY pairs but occasionally does; the JPY pairs give less signals, but when a JPY pair gives a signal, its a high probability setup. Another script EMA-XL works better on the higher priced instruments like S&P, DJI, OIL, BTC etc.
This script will show 3 moving averages: 13, 34, 200 and works on the 5m, 1hr, 4hr, daily charts. Signals "B" or "S" will be on the chart above or below the candles respectively.
When to open:
The script gives buy and sell signals based on a counter-trend move away from the MA's. When the price rises a specific percent above/below the EMA, it'll give a signal. It's best to take a trade when it gives a cluster of consecutive signals near the same price. If using on the 5m, definitely wait for consecutive signals. Also, use this in conjunction with support and resistance areas. Using with fibs for confirmation really makes this a good tool with high probability: IE, when price hits a fib and the script gives a signal, its a high probability setup.
When to close:
1. After a fast move up/down you may use this to counter trade a scalp 10+ pips, but you need to be quick; applies mostly to the 5m chart.
2. If you have the tenacity wait until you see an opposite signal. With this method you may be holding a loosing trade for a while. But what I've noticed is if it trends against you, price usually with come near to the first time it signaled. You may want to stack trades on each cluster of signals. IE first trade is 1000 units, next is 2000 units, etc... then close when prices comes near the first time it signaled. By this time, if you held, you should have profit. This strategy will really test your mental resilience.
3. Wait until it comes back to one of the trendlines; remember this is a counter trend signal so price is moving away from the MA and it always returns to touch one of the MA's...LOL eventually
4. Applying to scalping on the 5m, keep the stops tight because if the instrument trends hard and fast, you'll be upside-down quickly.
If you put a lot of time into using this signal generator, you can really make good profit. But with all tools, you need to master it. There are nuances to the simple logic of this script that can be both fun and frustrating. With all endeavors, if you put the time into it, you will reap the rewards.
Good luck and let me know if you have any questions/comments.
TSI in Dynamic Zones with Divergence and Pivot PointsTrue Strength Index , or TSI is considered a "leading indicator" - in contrast to a "lagging indicator" just as Moving Averages it does not show a confirmation what already happened, but it shows what can happen in the future. For example: The chart is climbing while the TSI oscillator is slowly declining, gets weaker and weaker, maybe even prints bearish divergences? That means that a reversal might be occurring soon. Leading indicators are best paired with Stop and Resistance Lines, General Trendlines , Fib Retracements etc. Your chart is approaching a very important Resistance Trendline but the TSI shows a very positive signal? That means there is a high probability that the Resistance is going to be pushed through and becomes Support in the future.
What are those circles?
-These are Divergences. Red for Regular-Bearish. Orange for Hidden-Bearish. Green for Regular-Bullish. Aqua for Hidden-Bullish.
What are those triangles?
- These are Pivots . They show when the TSI oscillator might reverse, this is important to know because many times the price action follows this move.
What are these blue or orange areas?
- Those are dynamic zones. For the analysis of the TSI its important to know if the indicator is in a state of oversold or overbought to filter out ranging price movement. Normally those zones are static, in this version of the TSI oscillator dynamic zones were added to show a dynamic calculation whether the TSI oscillator is oversold, overbought or ranging.
Please keep in mind that this indicator is a tool and not a strategy, do not blindly trade signals, do your own research first! Use this indicator in conjunction with other indicators to get multiple confirmations.
Volume Weighted Balance of PowerAs always, this is not financial advice and use at your own risk. Trading is risky and can cost you significant sums of money if you are not careful. Make sure you always have a proper entry and exit plan that includes defining your risk before you enter a trade.
I have modified the Balance of Power indicator that measures the difference between the open and the close and the high and low of the current bar to incorporate volume information as well. Further, I have smoothed the indicator, which is usually very choppy and difficult to read with a 21 period Least Squares Moving Average to create a Volume-Weighted Balance of Power. Since we are all aware that volume precedes price I figured this could be a neat little trend-confirmation indicator.
Uses:
1) The indicator is fairly straight forward, when it crosses below its zero line, this signals that there is more selling pressure in the current market vs. buying. Conversely, when it crosses above its zero line, this means more buyers have stepped up and are pushing prices higher.
2) It is sensitive enough to volume and price shifts that it produce divergences, which are often thought to be some of the most powerful trading signals in any market.
3) Use this tool to confirm breaks from trendlines or trading ranges to see if there is enough pressure and volume to support the move.
Enjoy and trade responsibly!
Cloud Ribbon ++ by [JohnnySnow]Inspired by my favorite EMA ribbon - "EMA Ribbon " by fskrypt.
This Ribbon ADD the option to choose the avarage algorithm of the ribbon .
Created also to be more friendly to read along with trendlines and Fibonacci retracements.
For those like me that NOT use this ribbon to find exact price action but instead, to have a grasp of possible Support/Resistance strenght ahead.
High transparency lines and a configurable color palette for filling the background give the ribbon a look of support/ Resistance cloud Strenght.
Each MA length, line, and background color can be easily configured.
Fibonacci Toolkit [LuxAlgo]This toolkit aims to display multiple Fibonacci drawing tools including retracements, arcs, circles, fans, timezones and spirals.
Usage
Upon adding the indicator to the chart, users will be prompted to choose a starting point and an ending point for the calculation of the drawing tools.
Users can then navigate to the settings of the toolkit and choose which drawing tool to display using the Fibonacci drop-down menu. Users are also free to change the default Fibonacci ratios used by the indicator from within the settings. Each tool is described below.
Retracements
Fibonacci retracements display multiple levels constructed using the starting price point, ending price point, and multiple Fibonacci ratios. These levels can be used as support and resistance.
Arcs
Fibonacci arcs display multiple semi-circles. Each semi-circle crosses the line connecting the starting & end price point at a certain percentage determined by Fibonacci ratios. These arcs can be used as support and resistance.
Circles
The Fibonacci circles are similar to the Fibonacci arcs but display a full circle instead. Users can expect the price to bounce off of the circles.
This tool is less commonly used by traders.
Fan
A Fibonacci fan is a tool displaying trendlines all connected to a starting point and extending to a point determined by Fibonacci ratios. These can also be used as support and resistance.
Timezone
Fibonacci timezones return a series of horizontal lines. The distance of the lines increases by a factor given by the numbers in the Fibonacci sequence.
This tool can be useful to highlight points where a trend might reverse assuming that their duration increases over time.
Spiral
The Fibonnaci spiral displays a spiral that grows by a factor given by the golden ratio. This indicator returns a spiral using 7 turns (5 internal) and sets the origin of the spiral to the ending point which is selected by the user. The height of the spiral is based on the price range between the starting point and ending point.
Note that potential display artifacts can be seen when fitting the spiral on stocks and forex pairs.
Volume Price Trend with Divergence and Pivot Points The volume price trend indicator is used to determine the balance between a security’s demand and supply. The percentage change in the share price trend shows the relative supply or demand of a particular security, while volume indicates the force behind the trend. The VPT indicator is similar to the on-balance volume (OBV) indicator in that it measures cumulative volume and provides traders with information about a security’s money flow.
This is Volume Price Trend or VPT recalculated to be an Oscillator, a Divergence hunter was added, also Pivot Points and Alerts.
VPT is considered a "leading indicator" - in contrast to a "lagging indicator" just as Moving Averages it does not show a confirmation what already happened, but it shows what can happen in the future. For example: The chart is climbing while the VPT oscillator is slowly declining, gets weaker and weaker, maybe even prints bearish divergences? That means that a reversal might be occurring soon. Leading indicators are best paired with Stop and Resistance Lines, general Trendlines , Fib Retracements etc...Your chart is approaching a very important Resistance Trendline but the VPT shows a very positive signal? That means there is a high probability that the Resistance is going to be pushed though and becomes Support in the future.
What are those circles?
-These are Divergences. Red for Regular-Bearish. Orange for Hidden-Bearish. Green for Regular-Bullish. Aqua for Hidden-Bullish.
What are those triangles?
- These are Pivots . They show when the VPT oscillator might reverse, this is important to know because many times the price action follows this move.
Please keep in mind that this indicator is a tool and not a strategy, do not blindly trade signals, do your own research first! Use this indicator in conjunction with other indicators to get multiple confirmations.
Bollinger Bands With User Selectable MABollinger Bands with user selection options to calculate the moving average basis and bands from a variety of different moving averages.
The user selects their choice of moving average, and the bands automatically adjust. The user may select a MA that reacts faster to volatility or slower/smoother.
Added additional options to color the bands or basis based on the current trend and alternate candle colors for band touches. Options:
REACT SLOW/SMOOTH TO VOLATILITY
simple moving average (Regular Bollinger Bands)
REACT SMOOTH TO VOLATILITY
exponential moving average (EMA Bollinger Bands)
weighted moving average (Weighted MA Bollinger Bands)
exponential hull moving average (Hull Bollinger Bands with better smoothing)
HIGHLY ADJUSTABLE TO VOLATILITY
Arnaud Legoux Moving average (ALMA Bollinger Bands)
Note: 0.85 ALMA default for more smoothing, set offset=1 to turn off smoothing
REACT HARSH TO VOLATILITY
least squares moving average (Least Squares Bollinger Bands)
REACT VERY FAST TO VOLATILITY
hull moving average (Hull Bollinger Bands or Hullinger Bands)
VALUE ADDED: This script is unique in that no other Bollinger Bands indicator offers a user selection for moving average, and some of the options do not exist yet as Bollinger Bands indicators.
Definitions:
Bollinger Bands: A Bollinger Band® is a technical analysis tool defined by a set of trendlines plotted two standard deviations (positively and negatively) away from a simple moving average (SMA) of a security's price, but which can be adjusted to user preferences.
Exponential Bollinger Bands: The most important characteristics of the Exponential Bollinger Bands indicator are: When the market is flat, the bands will stay much closer to prices. When the volatility is high, the bands move away from prices faster.
Hull Bollinger Bands: Bollinger Bands calculated by Hull moving average, rather than simple moving average or ema. The Hull Moving Average (HMA), developed by Alan Hull, is an extremely fast and smooth moving average. In fact, the HMA almost eliminates lag altogether and manages to improve smoothing at the same time.
Exponential Hull Bollinger Bands: Bollinger Bands calculated by Exponential Hull moving average, rather than simple moving average or ema. The Exponential Hull Moving Average is similar to the standard Hull MA, but with superior smoothing. The standard Hull Moving Average is derived from the weighted moving average (WMA). As other moving average built from weighted moving averages it has a tendency to exaggerate price movement.
Weighted Moving Average Bollinger Bands: A Weighted Moving Average (WMA) is similar to the simple moving average (SMA), except the WMA adds significance to more recent data points.
Arnaud Legoux Moving Average Bollinger Bands: ALMA removes small price fluctuations and enhances the trend by applying a moving average twice, once from left to right, and once from right to left. At the end of this process the phase shift (price lag) commonly associated with moving averages is significantly reduced. Zero-phase digital filtering reduces noise in the signal. Conventional filtering reduces noise in the signal, but adds a delay.
Least Squares Bollinger Bands: The indicator is based on sum of least squares method to find a straight line that best fits data for the selected period. The end point of the line is plotted and the process is repeated on each succeeding period.
On-Balance Volume Oscillator with Divergence and PivotsThis is On-Balance Volume recalculated to be an Oscillator, a Divergence hunter was added, also Pivot Points and Alerts.
On-Balance Volume, or OBV is considered a "leading indicator" - in contrast to a "lagging indicator" just as Moving Averages it does not show a confirmation what already happened, but it shows what can happen in the future. For example: The chart is climbing while the OBV oscillator is slowly declining, gets weaker and weaker, maybe even prints bearish divergences? That means that a reversal might be occurring soon. Leading indicators are best paired with Stop and Resistance Lines, general Trendlines, Fib Retracements etc...Your chart is approaching a very important Resistance Trendline but the OBV shows a very positive signal? That means there is a high probability that the Resistance is going to be pushed though and becomes Support in the future.
What are those circles?
-These are Divergences. Red for Regular-Bearish. Orange for Hidden-Bearish. Green for Regular-Bullish. Aqua for Hidden-Bullish.
What are those triangles?
- These are Pivots. They show when the OBV oscillator might reverse, this is important to know because many times the price action follows this move.
Please keep in mind that this indicator is a tool and not a strategy, do not blindly trade signals, do your own research first! Use this indicator in conjunction with other indicators to get multiple confirmations.
Ehlers NonLinear Filter [CC]The NonLinear Filter was created by John Ehlers and this one of his more unknown filters that work very well as a trendline and moving average. This is one of my favorites along with the instantenous trendlines that he created. Buy when the line turns green and sell when it turns red.
Let me know if there are any other indicators you would like to see me publish scripts for!
Overlay Indicators (EMAs, SMAs, Ichimoku & Bollinger Bands)This is a combination of popular overlay indicators that are used for dynamic support and resistance, trade targets and trend strength.
Included are:
-> 6 Exponential Moving Averages
-> 6 Simple Moving Averages
-> Ichimoku Cloud
-> Bollinger Bands
-> There is also a weekend background marker ideal for cryptocurrency trading
Using all these indicators in conjunction with each other provide great confluence and confidence in trades and price targets.
An explanation of each indicator is listed below.
What Is an Exponential Moving Average (EMA)?
"An exponential moving average (EMA) is a type of moving average (MA) that places a greater weight and significance on the most recent data points. The exponential moving average is also referred to as the exponentially weighted moving average. An exponentially weighted moving average reacts more significantly to recent price changes than a simple moving average (SMA), which applies an equal weight to all observations in the period.
What Does the Exponential Moving Average Tell You?
The 12- and 26-day exponential moving averages (EMAs) are often the most quoted and analyzed short-term averages. The 12- and 26-day are used to create indicators like the moving average convergence divergence (MACD) and the percentage price oscillator (PPO). In general, the 50- and 200-day EMAs are used as indicators for long-term trends. When a stock price crosses its 200-day moving average, it is a technical signal that a reversal has occurred.
Traders who employ technical analysis find moving averages very useful and insightful when applied correctly. However, they also realize that these signals can create havoc when used improperly or misinterpreted. All the moving averages commonly used in technical analysis are, by their very nature, lagging indicators."
Source: www.investopedia.com
Popular EMA lookback periods include fibonacci numbers and round numbers such as the 100 or 200. The default values of the EMAs in this indicator are the most widely used, specifically for cryptocurrency but they also work very well with traditional.
EMAs are normally used in conjunction with Simple Moving Averages.
" What Is Simple Moving Average (SMA)?
A simple moving average (SMA) calculates the average of a selected range of prices, usually closing prices, by the number of periods in that range.
Simple Moving Average vs. Exponential Moving Average
The major difference between an exponential moving average (EMA) and a simple moving average is the sensitivity each one shows to changes in the data used in its calculation. More specifically, the EMA gives a higher weighting to recent prices, while the SMA assigns an equal weighting to all values."
Source: www.investopedia.com
In this indicator, I've included 6 popular moving averages that are commonly used. Most traders will find specific settings for their own personal trading style.
Along with the EMA and SMA, another indicator that is good for finding confluence between these two is the Ichimoku Cloud.
" What is the Ichimoku Cloud?
The Ichimoku Cloud is a collection of technical indicators that show support and resistance levels, as well as momentum and trend direction. It does this by taking multiple averages and plotting them on the chart. It also uses these figures to compute a "cloud" which attempts to forecast where the price may find support or resistance in the future.
The Ichimoku cloud was developed by Goichi Hosoda, a Japanese journalist, and published in the late 1960s.1 It provides more data points than the standard candlestick chart. While it seems complicated at first glance, those familiar with how to read the charts often find it easy to understand with well-defined trading signals."
More info can be seen here: www.investopedia.com
I have changed the default settings on the Ichimoku to suit cryptocurrency trading (as cryptocurrency is usually fast and thus require slightly longer lookbacks) to 20 60 120 30.
Along with the Ichimoku, I like to use Bollinger Bands to not only find confluence for support and resistance but for price discovery targets and trend strength.
" What Is a Bollinger Band®?
A Bollinger Band® is a technical analysis tool defined by a set of trendlines plotted two standard deviations (positively and negatively) away from a simple moving average (SMA) of a security's price, but which can be adjusted to user preferences.
Bollinger Bands® were developed and copyrighted by famous technical trader John Bollinger, designed to discover opportunities that give investors a higher probability of properly identifying when an asset is oversold or overbought."
This article goes into great detail of the complexities of using the Bollinger band and how to use it.
=======
This indicator combines all these powerful indicators into one so that it is easier to input different settings, turn specific tools on or off and can be easily customised.
Larry Williams Strategies IndicatorThis indicator is a trend following indicator. It plots some of the trend following strategies described by Larry Williams in his book 'Long Term Secrets to Short Term Trading'. Below are types of trend following strategies you can trade using this indicator. These are notes taken directly from Larry Williams' book.
Short Term Low Strategy
Short Term Low - Any daily low with higher lows on each side of it.
Intermediate Term Low – Any short term low with higher short term lows on each side of it.
Long Term Low – Any intermediate term low with higher intermediate term lows on each side of it.
Conceptual pattern for best buying opportunity is when forming an intermediate term low higher than the last intermediate term low.
This setup can be used on all time frames. However since Larry Williams usually trades the daily chart, the daily chart is probably the best timeframe to trade using this strategy.
Entry point – High of the day that has a higher high on the right side of it.
(My interpretation: price crossing above the high of the previous day is the buy signal)
Target – Markets have a strong tendency to rally above the last intermediate term high by the same amount it moved from the last intermediate term high to the lowest point prior to advancing to new highs.
Trailing Stop – Set stop to most recent short term low, move up as new short term lows are formed. Can also use formation of next intermediate term high as an exit point.
A 'run' to the upside is over when price fails to move higher the next day and falls below the prior day's low.
Short Term High Strategy
Short Term High - Any daily high with lower highs on each side of it.
Intermediate Term High – Any short term high with lower short term highs on each side of it.
Long Term High – Any intermediate term high with lower intermediate term highs on each side of it.
Conceptual pattern for best selling opportunity is when forming an intermediate term high lower than the last intermediate term high.
This setup can be used on all time frames. However since Larry Williams usually trades the daily chart, the daily chart is probably the best timeframe to trade using this strategy.
Entry point – Low of the day that has a lower low on the right side of it.
(My interpretation: price crossing below the low of the previous day is the sell short signal)
Target – Markets have a strong tendency to fall below the last intermediate term low by the same amount it moved from the last intermediate term low to the highest point prior to declining to new lows.
Trailing Stop – Set stop to most recent short term high, move down as new short term highs are formed. Can also use formation of next intermediate term low as an exit point.
A 'run' to the downside is over when price fails to move lower the next day and rises above the prior day's high.
Trend Reversals
A trend change from down to up occurs when a short term high is exceeded on the upside, a trend change from up to down is identified by price going below the most recent low.
Can take these signals to make trades, but it is best to filter them with a confirmation or edge such as Trading Day of the Week, Trading Day of the Month, trendlines, etc. to cut down on false signals.
Three Bar High/Low System
Calculate a three bar moving average of the highs and a three bar moving average of the lows.
Strategy is to buy at the at the price of the three bar moving average of the lows - if the trend is positive according to the swing point trend identification technique - and take profits at the three bar moving average of the highs.
Selling is just the opposite. Sell short at the three bar moving average of the highs and take profits at the three bar moving average of the lows, using the trend identification technique above for confirmation.
This strategy can work on any timeframe, but was described as a daytrading system by Larry Williams.
HTF Highs Lows [JV]█ OVERVIEW
This script presents a label with an overview of higher timeframe highs and lows. This can be useful information as we all know that price likes to revisit previous highs and lows area, specially on the higher timeframe.
█ CONCEPTS
This information can be relevant and valuable for various reasons:
Finding horizontal Support and Resistance
Get a better view on Market Structure
Provide some information about Order Flow
TrendLines
...
█ FEATURES
Plots
This script provides the option to show information about 3 timeframes
Each timeframe can be separately shown or hidden
The Y position of the info label can be user defined, based on high or low of the chosen timeframe
The X offset of the info label can be adjusted to the user's liking and the chart resolution
The label color and text color can be user defined
The info label's size can be user defined
█ NOTES
Caveat
The timeframes must be chosen in order of size. Meaning that the highest timeframe should be on top. This is title as such on the info label, but I want to mention it again as it's something to pay attention to.
Repainting
The question that pops up all the time is: Does it repaint ?
I will quote PineCoders on this:
We're pretty sure Wilder was not asked very often if RSI repainted. Why? Because it wasn't in fashion—and largely unnecessary—to ask that sort of question in the 80's. Many traders back then used daily charts only, and indicator values were calculated at the day's close, so everybody knew what they were getting. Additionally, indicator values were calculated by generally reputable outfits or traders themselves, so data was pretty reliable. Today, almost anybody can write a simple indicator, and the programming languages used to write them are complex enough for some coders lacking the caution, know-how or ethics of the best professional coders, to get in over their heads and produce code that does not work the way they think it does.
Briefly: yes, it repaints and no it does not matter.
Simple because we are working with highs and lows on a higher timeframe. So if we get a new high or low within a certain time frame, we want this new high or low to be displayed and, for me, it's not relevant if this information appears when it happens or when the candle closes.
Questions & Suggestions
Questions, suggestions or even a word of thanks are always welcomed in the comments section. I usually answer within the same day.
█ THANKS
A word of thanks to, and I hope I am allowed to use hyperlinks here, LonesomeTheBlue for being an inspiration on coding style and his work on arrays in Pine Script and to lmatl for his support, words of advice and letting me borrow his brain now and then.
DR by Caco MaiaCreated by Brazilian trader Caco Maia,this indicator signals an entry when the price breaks through both a slow and fast average while the TRIX and Stochastic are going in the same direction.
Must be used in conjunction with the market context,e.g. Trendlines,Fibonacci Retracements/Extensions or other indicators.
Filter 1 : The Fast Average must be going up/down.
Filter 2 : There`s a limit to the Slow Average inclination,only allowing entries if the Slow Average is "flat" or in the same direction of the signal.
Filter 3 : Uses both Filters.
Fibonacci Trendlines 20, 50, 100, 200 (SMA)Dört tane simple moving average bir arada. 20, 50, 100, 200 (SMA) hareketli ortalamaları içerir
Price Action - Support & Resistance by DGTSᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ , is undoubtedly one of the key concepts of technical analysis
█ Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ Dᴇꜰɪɴɪᴛɪᴏɴ
Support and Resistance terms are used by traders to refer to price levels on charts that tend to act as barriers, preventing the price of an financial instrument from getting pushed in a certain direction.
A support level is a price level where buyers are more aggressive than sellers. This means that the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level it is likely to continue falling until meeting another support level.
A resistance level is the opposite of a support level. It is where the price tends to find resistance as it rises. Again, this means that the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level it is likely to continue rising until meeting another resistance level.
A previous support level will sometimes become a resistance level when the price attempts to move back up, and conversely, a resistance level will become a support level as the price temporarily falls back.
█ Iᴅᴇɴᴛɪꜰʏɪɴɢ Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ
Support and resistance can come in various forms, and the concept is more difficult to master than it first appears. Identification of key support and resistance levels is an essential ingredient to successful technical analysis.
If the price stalls and reverses in the same price area on minimum of two different occasions, then a horizontal line is drawn to show that the market is struggling to move past that area. Those areas are static barriers, one of the most popular forms of support/resistance and are highlighted with horizontal lines.
Repeated test , the more often a support/resistance level is "tested" over an extended period of time (touched and bounced off by price), the more significance is given to that specific level
High volume , the more buying and selling that has occurred at a particular price level, the stronger the support or resistance level is likely to be
Market psychology , plays a major role as traders and investors remember the past and react to changing conditions to anticipate future market movement.
Psychological levels , is a price level that significantly affects the price of an underlying financial instrument. Typically, near round numbers often serve as support and resistance
The following support and resistance related topics are beyond the scope of this study, so they will be mentioned roughly only as a reference for support and resistance concept
Trendlines , Support and resistance levels in trends are dynamic. Throughout an uptrend, levels of support tend to look like a trendline, usually clustering around higher lows. As the price rises, the price where buyers consider the stock to be “too cheap” also changes, which creates new support levels on the way up. The same is also true for resistance levels. In an uptrend, a stock is continuously breaking through perceived resistance levels and making new highs
Moving Averages , is a constantly changing line that smooths out past price data while also allowing the trader to identify support and resistance. In the example Notice how the price of the asset finds support at the moving average when the trend is up, and how it acts as resistance when the trend is down
The Fibonacci Retracement/Extension tool , is a favorite among many short-term traders because it clearly identifies levels of potential support and resistance
Pivot Point Calculations , is another common technical analysis technique, where pivot point is calculated based on the high, low, and closing prices of previous trading session/day and support & resistance levels are projected based on the pivot point, different calculation techniques are available, as presented in this example of an pivot point indicator : PVTvX by DGT
█ Tʀᴀᴅɪɴɢ Bᴀꜱᴇᴅ ᴏɴ Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ
Once an area or "zone" of support or resistance has been identified, those price levels can serve as potential entry or exit points because, as a price reaches a point of support or resistance, it will do one of two things—bounce back away from the support or resistance level (trading ranges), or violate the price level and continue in its direction (trading breakouts) —until it hits the next support or resistance level
The basic trading method for using support and resistance is to buy near support in uptrends or the parts of ranges or chart patterns where prices are moving up and to sell/sell short near resistance in downtrends or the parts of ranges and chart patterns where prices are moving down. Buying near support or selling near resistance can pay off, but there is no assurance that the support or resistance will hold. Therefore, consider waiting for some confirmation that the market is still respecting that area
Trading breakouts, a breakout is a potential trading opportunity that occurs when an asset's price moves above a resistance level or moves below a support level on increasing volume. The first step in trading breakouts is to identify current price trend patterns along with support and resistance levels in order to plan possible entry and exit points. Once the asset trades beyond the price barrier, volatility tends to increase and prices usually trend in the breakout's direction. Breakouts are such an important trading strategy since these setups are the starting point for future volatility increases, large price swings and, in many circumstances, major price trends. When trading breakouts, it is important to consider the underlying asset's support and resistance levels. The more times an asset price has touched these areas, the more valid these levels are and the more important they become. At the same time, the longer these support and resistance levels have been in play, the better the outcome when the asset price finally breaks out. Asset prices will often move slightly further than we expect them to. This doesn't happen all the time, but when it does it is called a false breakout. Therefore it is important to consider waiting for some confirmation while trading breakouts. It’s also popular for traders to sell 50% of their positions at the resistance level, and hold the rest in anticipation of a breakout above resistance
█ Pʀɪᴄᴇ Aᴄᴛɪᴏɴ - Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ & Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ʙʏ DGT Sᴛᴜᴅʏ
This experimental study attempts to identify the support and resistance levels. Assumes a simple logic to discover moments where the price is rising or falling consecutively for minimum 3 bars with the condition volume increases on each bar and the last bar’s volume should be bigger than the long term volume moving average. A line will be drawn at the end of the move (highest or lowest, depending on the move direction), the line will be drawn at minimum on the 3rd bar and if condition holds for other consecutive bars the line will switch to 4th, 5th etc bar.
Lines will not be deleted so the historical ones will remain and will emphasis the levels significance when they overlap in feature. Strong levels are more likely to hold and cause the price to move in the other direction, whereas the minor levels may only cause the price to pause and keep moving in the same direction. Determining future levels of support and resistance can drastically improve the returns of a short-term investing strategy
Bar colors will be painted based on the volume of the specific bar to its long term volume moving average. This will help identifying the support and resistance levels significance and emphasis the sings of breakouts
Finally, Volume spikes will be marked on top of the price chart. A high volume usually indicates more interest in the security and the presence of institutional traders. However, a rapidly rising price in an uptrend accompanied by a huge volume may be a sign of exhaustion. Traders usually look for breaks of support and resistance to enter positions. When security break critical levels without volume , you should consider the breakout suspect and prime for a reversal off the highs/lows. Volume spikes are often the result of news-driven events. Volume spike will often lead to sharp reversals since the moves are unsustainable due to the imbalance of supply and demand
A good example with many support and resistance concepts observed on a stock chart and detected by the study
Settings:
Length of volume moving average, where volume moving average is used to detect support and resistance levels, is used as reference to compare with threshold values for volume spikes and colors of the bars
Hint, to get more historical lines scrolling chart to left will enable visualization of them. Please note they may appear to much all 500 line limit is used 😉
Special thanks to @HEMANT Telegram user, for his observations and suggestions
Disclaimer:
Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitute professional and/or financial advice. You alone have the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd TradingView user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Aggregate CandlesThis script creates candles based on an aggregated Index price from various exchange tickers. A lot of exchanges have specific flash crash wicks, missing data, erraticness compared to other exchanges particularly in their first few months, this is an attempt to clean up the price history, be it for TA ( trendlines , S/R etc.) or use in algos or other indicators, without reliance on one exchange. It uses the new Array functionality to generate median and averages, and is entirely original work. This particular version is a generic version of the BTC version. Please read the header before use, and if you do wish to use the code, please ask permission first.
Aggregate BTC CandlesThis script creates candles based on an aggregated Index price from various BTC exchange tickers. Since the early years in particular have a lot of exchange specific flash crash wicks, missing data, erraticness compared to other exchanges particularly in their first few months, this is an attempt to clean up the price history, be it for TA (trendlines, S/R etc.) or use in algos or other indicators, without reliance on one exchange. It uses the new Array functionality to generate median and averages, and is entirely original work.
Responsive Linear Regression ChannelsThis is a linear trend indicator that can:
- automagically adjust to different chart resolutions
- snap to day/session boundaries on intraday
- totally not do the above and use ye olde good fixed lookback window
- show the regression trend and its RMSE channels
- disregard the trend and just show the period average and standard deviation lines (often acting as support and resistance)
The main idea was to allow you to quickly view linear trends for different time periods without having to calculate the required amount of bars.
By default, you will be able to quickly switch between 1-3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years of data, as well as various daily lookback periods.
Please adjust resolution settings to your liking.
Caveats:
- More data means more noise and slower calculations.
- HLC3 source is recommended, especially at resolutions above hourly.
- Trend will be slightly different if you use extended hours.
- If you use extended hours and don't have a data subscription, trend will be SUBSTANTIALLY different, especially at smaller resolutions like 1m.
- You might want to use 3.5 days per week for crypto (it's 7 days by default).
Known problems:
- If you can't see the trendlines, scroll to the left or zoom out - the origin could be outside of your viewport.
- Futures' sessions start on the previous day. We currently snap only to day boundaries, not session breaks.
- UVXY and the like that have extremely high price datapoints. The calculations will be wrong on some resolutions.
- Replay can freeze circa bar_index 244 — disable smart lookback and keep your window under 240 bars if you encounter this.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Many thanks to alexgrover for his extremely efficient functions (used with permission)
Noro's Trendlines IndicatorTo create the script I used the LonesomeTheBlue code. Thank him for his code.
The indicator shows trend lines. Up to three support lines (red) and up to three resistance lines (lime). There can be up to 6 lines at a time. However, most often there will be from 0 to 1 line. Trend lines may be extended to the right. For this purpose there is a checkbox in the setting. This is the way you may adjust line thickness.
For example, how to use
The indicator shows you the support line (red) and the resistance line (lime). If the line is crossed, the price may move a lot towards the breakout.
In a few days.
sDEFI Synthetix ExchangeTradingView allows combining/summing up to a maximum of only 10 tickers in its search field. Their support staff suggested I could combine up to 40 by using Pine Script, so here it is, for a specific 'basket' of crypto tokens.
This study displays the combination of price history for Synthetix Exchange’s sDEFI index.
Tokens included in the index are COMP, MKR, KNC, SNX, ZRX, REP, LEND, REN, LRC, BNT, BAL and UMA. You will see the prices only go back as far as July 31st 2020, which is when the most recent of the compilation (UMA) started its trading history on TradingView. (The study can only display prices for days that *all* the tickers were trading.)
The price history will display as a study, below an existing chart. You will need to resize the windows, to see this study at a larger size. (Grab the window border and move it up, once you have added this study to a chart)
Unfortunately you will not be able to interact with it like a normal chart, i.e. drawing trendlines, adding moving averages, notes or annotations, etc.
May I suggest you send a support request to TradingView, asking for them to allow us to enter more than 10 (perhaps up to 40) tickers with + symbol between them, in the search field, which gives a ‘proper’ chart to analyse?
Please note that when publishing this script, I was required to choose a category from a list that does not contain a relevant category. Given that I had to choose something from the list to proceed, I used 'Support and Resistance', since chartists can see S and R levels by looking at this study.
I trust this study is useful for you sDEFI traders.
Two Fractals TrendlinesThis study draws a trend line for the last two Bill Williams up-fractals and down-fractals.
Trend line break signals and alerts can optionally be added.
[KY]McClellan Summation Index RSIThis script contains McClellan Summation Index(MSI) and McClellan Oscillator(MO)
(1) What is McClellan Summation Index(MSI)
McClellan Summation Index(MSI) is a breadth indicator derived the McClellan Oscillator(MO),
which is a breadth indicator based on Net Advances (advancing issues less declining issues).
The Summation Index is simply a running total of the McClellan Oscillator values.
To identify the market direction, I prefer to use the relative strength(RSI) of MSI rather than MSI itself
because MSI is a summation so it's difficult to compare with previous market patterns. So I use RSI applied MSI.
Reference: Stockcharts.com has a nice set of detailed explanation about MSI.
school.stockcharts.com
(2) How to use this script
- Add this script to your chart.
- You can choose one of two options ("MSI RSI" or "MO").
- You can also choose the market from three options ("Nasdaq", "NYSE", "Nasdaq+NYSE")
(3) "MSI RSI" or "MO"
a) "MSI RSI"
For swing trade(sevelal weeks), MSI RSI is much better to identify the broad market direction.
I backtested last several years of S&P500. The result was not symmetrical between MT bear/bull market.
For bull side, when MSI RSI curls up from the bottom(e.g. RSI 30 level), 90% of times out of them the market rallied.
For bear side, when MSI RSI rolles over to downside from the top(e.g. RSI 70 level), only 60% of times out of them the market declined.
So the market tends to hit negatively diverrgent high from advancing/declining issues perspective. Be careful to use MSI oscilator.
b) "MO"
For short term trade(intraday, 2-3 days of holding), MO is better because MSI is a summation so lags several days. MO is quick.
MO is sometimes very noisy, so you need to draw trendlines or horizontal levels to compare with the previous cases.
For beginners, I recommend to use "MSI RSI".
